Affective Polarization
Measures
| Measure | Level |
|---|---|
| API | mass |
| Distance | mass |
| Spread | mass |
Use cases
Publication that use this measure:
| Title | Authors |
|---|---|
| A regional perspective to the study of affective polarisation | Bettarelli et al. (2023) |
| Cleavage politics, polarisation and participation in Western Europe | Borbáth et al. (2023) |
| Affective Polarisation in Comparative and Longitudinal Perspective | Garzia et al. (2023) |
| The relationship between affective polarisation and democratic backsliding | Orhan (2022) |
| Fear and loathing across party lines (also) in Europe | Reiljan (2020) |
| Patterns of Affective Polarisation toward Parties and Leaders across the Democratic World | Reiljan et al. (2023) |
| Affective polarisation in multiparty systems | Wagner (2021) |